Hello guys, this time we will discuss what is a PIR Sensor? and How to Apply this Sensor in developing Smart Home. For those of you who want to make a smart home, and are confused about getting started, this article can be seen to facilitate the development of your Smart Home.

What's PIR Sensor

PIR sensor (Passive Infrared Receiver) is a sensor that captures the infrared signal emitted by the human body and animals. PIR sensor is very influential in the development of SmartHome, because the state of the room can affect the temperature in humans in a room, and this can change the initial value (set point) which is a reference in the control system. Changes in temperature in humans in the room will be detected by the PIR Sensor.

This sensor is usually used in the design of infrared-based motion detectors. Because all objects emit radiation energy, a motion will be detected when an infrared source with a certain temperature (eg, human) passes another infrared source with a different temperature (eg wall), the sensor will compare the infrared rays received by each unit time so that if there is movement there will be a change in the reading of the sensor.

Mengenal Sensor PIR ( Passive InfraRed ) – Abu Dawud

PIR Sensor Parts

From the picture above it is known if the PIR sensor parts are as follows:

1. Timer: Used to set the duration of the high pulse after a motion has been detected and the movement has ended.
2. Sensitivity Regulator: Regulates the sensitivity level of the PIR sensor
3. VDC regulator: Voltage stabilizer to 3V DC
4. Safety Diode: Secures the sensor in the event of a short circuit between VCC and GND and as a safety for the reverse current circuit.
5. DC Power: Input voltage with a range (3 - 12) VDC (recommended using a 5VDC input).
6. Digital Output: Digital sensor output
7. Ground: Connect to ground (GND)
8. BISS0001: PIR Sensor IC
9. Jumper Adjustment: To adjust the output of digital pins between High or Low.

(*) Note: Pins numbers 1 and 2 are used to calibrate the PIR sensor by adjusting the position of the potentiometer on the MIN or MAX label position.

How PIR Sensor Works

Pyroelectric sensor

In general, PIR sensors are made with a pyroelectric sensor (as seen in the picture above) that can detect the level of infrared radiation. Everything emits radiation in small amounts, but the hotter the object/ creature, the greater the level of radiation released. This sensor is divided into two parts to detect non-average movements of the infrared level. These two parts are connected to other so that if both detect the same infrared level then the condition will LOW but if both of these parts detect a different level of infrared (there is movement) it will have HIGH and LOW output alternately.

Application in Smart Home Development

System Description

The Relay Control System automatically uses a PIR sensor, which is a relay control system connected to the device, such as a lamp controlled automatically using an infrared sensor. The sensor will detect infrared waves emitted by humans, then provide the output voltage used to turn on the relay. This system is very useful in daily life and can simplify human work because this system is based on automation. The application of this system, which is used to turn on lights in the hallway of the building. So with this tool, people no longer need to turn on the hallway lights using a manual switch, but by walking the sensor will detect people passing by and turn on the lights in the hallway.

List of Components:

The list of components used include:

1. PIR Sensor Module

2. 1 Channel Relay Module

3. Stop contact

4. PCB board

5. Adapter (power supply)

6. Transistor BD139

7. Resistor 330Ω

Image Tools and Schematic:

Schematic Circuits

On the Project board

On Plain PCBs

Tool Making Video:

Source: MRD Trick

CONCLUSION:

1. The automatic relay control circuit uses PIR module components so that the time to turn on the relay and its sensitivity level can be set according to the user's wishes.

2. This system is very useful to facilitate human work, this system is suitable to be applied in the development of Smart Home and for industrial buildings such as turning on the lights in the hallway. The tools made will still be further tested to get maximum results.

That's all the articles about PIR Sensor, hopefully this article can be useful to broaden your horizons and get to know more about today's technology. For those who don't know about the basics of electronics like Diodes, click Here.

Good luck guys :)

Supporting references:

https://kelasrobot.com/lampu-otomatis-sensor-gerak-pir-hcsr501-dan-relay-tanpa-arduino/

What's PIR Sensors and Simple Applications in Smart Home